Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *ek-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to sow 2 to scatter

Russian meaning: 1 сеять 2 разбрасывать

Old Turkic: ek- (Late OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: ek- (MK, KB) 1, 2

Turkish: ek- 1

Tatar: ik- 1

Middle Turkic: ek- (Abush., Sangl.) 1

Uzbek: ek- 1

Uighur: ek- 1

Azerbaidzhan: äk- 1, 2

Turkmen: ek- 1

Halaj: häk- 1

Chuvash: ak- 1

Kirghiz: ek- 1

Kazakh: ek- 1

Noghai: ek- 1

Bashkir: ik- 1

Gagauz: ek- 1

Karaim: ek- 1

Karakalpak: ek- 1

Salar: ex- 1

Comments: EDT 100, ЭСТЯ 1, 251-252. Turk. > Hung. eke 'plough' (< *äkäɣ), see Gombocz 1912.

Proto-Turkic: *eke

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: elder sister

Russian meaning: старшая сестра

Old Turkic: eke (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: eke (MK); ege-t 'female servant of bride' (MK)

Turkmen: ekeǯi

Chuvash: akka

Comments: VEWT 38, ЭСТЯ 1, 222-224, TMN 1, 190, 2, 91-92, EDT 100, 102, Егоров 23.

Proto-Turkic: *eker

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hunting dog

Russian meaning: охотничья собака

Tatar: igɛr (Sib.)

Middle Turkic: iger (Буд.)

Shor: eger

Oyrat: eger

Halaj: eger

Chuvash: agar jɨtti ( > Hung. agár, see Gombocz 1912)

Noghai: eger (Kum.)

Bashkir: igɛr 'a bastard of a wolf and a dog'

Comments: VEWT 38, 23.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹk(k)i

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: two

Russian meaning: два

Old Turkic: eki (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ẹki (MK)

Turkish: iki

Tatar: ike

Middle Turkic: iki (AH, IM)

Uzbek: ikki

Uighur: ikki

Sary-Yughur: šigɨ

Azerbaidzhan: iki

Turkmen: iki

Khakassian: eke

Shor: igi

Oyrat: eki

Halaj: äkki, äkkị

Chuvash: ikkǝ

Yakut: ikki

Dolgan: ikki

Tuva: ĩji

Tofalar: ĩxi

Kirghiz: eki

Kazakh: eki

Noghai: eki

Bashkir: ike

Balkar: eki

Gagauz: iki

Karaim: ekɨ

Karakalpak: eki

Salar: išky

Kumyk: eki

Comments: VEWT 39, EDT 100-1, ЭСТЯ 1, 337-339, Егоров 67-68, Stachowski 124.

Proto-Turkic: *ek-ĺči-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 sour, acid, bitter 2 to be sour, bitter

Russian meaning: 1 кислый, горький 2 быть кислым, горьким

Karakhanid: ekšig (MK) 1

Turkish: ekši 1, ekši- 2

Middle Turkic: ekši 1, ekši- 2 (Pav. C.)

Azerbaidzhan: äkši 1

Turkmen: egšit- 2

Chuvash: jǝksü ( < *jǝkśü) 1

Gagauz: īši 1, īši- 2

Karaim: ekši 1, ekši- 2

Comments: EDT 118, ЭСТЯ 1, 259-260, Мудрак Дисс. 199.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹĺ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to walk, trot, amble

Russian meaning: ходить, брести, ехать иноходью

Old Turkic: eš- (Orkh.)

Karakhanid: eš- (MK)

Turkish: eš-

Tatar: äšt- (dial.)

Oyrat: eš- (dial.)

Chuvash: iš-

Yakut: is-

Dolgan: is-

Gagauz: ieš-

Comments: EDT 255, ЭСТЯ 1, 316, Stachowski 129.

Proto-Turkic: *ĕlge-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to sift; 2 sieve

Russian meaning: сито, просеивать

Old Turkic: elge- 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: elge- 1 (MK), ele- 1 (IM), elek 2 (IM)

Turkish: ele- 1, elek 2

Tatar: ilɛ- 1, ilɛk 2

Middle Turkic: ele- 1, elek 2 (Sangl.)

Uzbek: ela- 1, elak 2

Uighur: ägli- 1, älgäk 2

Azerbaidzhan: älä- 1, äläk 2

Turkmen: ele- 1, elek 2

Khakassian: ilge- 1, ilgek 2

Shor: ele- 1, elek 2

Oyrat: elge- 1, elgek 2

Halaj: häjlä- 1, häjläk 2

Chuvash: alla- 1, alla 2

Tuva: egle- / elge- 1

Tofalar: elge- 1, elgek 2

Kirghiz: ele-, elge- 1, elek, elgek 2

Kazakh: ele- 1, elek 2

Noghai: ele- 1, elek 2

Bashkir: ile- 1, ilek 2

Balkar: ele- 1, elek 2

Gagauz: iele- 1, ielek 2

Karaim: ele-, öle- 1, elek, ölek 2

Karakalpak: ele- 1, elek 2

Salar: elex 2 (ССЯ 324)

Kumyk: ele- 1, elek 2

Comments: EDT 143, VEWT 40, ЭСТЯ 1, 261-263, Егоров 24. The behaviour of the internal cluster is phonetically normal (not on a morphemic boundary). Turk. *elgek > WMong. elgeg, Kalm. elgǝg (KW 119, TMN 2, 118, Щербак 1997, 114).

Proto-Turkic: *eĺgek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: donkey

Russian meaning: осел

Old Turkic: ešgek (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ešgek, ešjek (MK)

Turkish: ešek

Tatar: išäk

Middle Turkic: ešek (Бор. Бад., Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ešäk

Uighur: ešäk

Azerbaidzhan: eššäk

Turkmen: ešek

Oyrat: eštek

Chuvash: ažak

Kirghiz: ešek

Kazakh: esek

Noghai: ešek

Bashkir: išäk

Balkar: ešek

Gagauz: iešek

Karaim: ešek

Karakalpak: ešek

Kumyk: ešek

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 317-318, TMN 2, 65, EDT 260.

Proto-Turkic: *eĺi

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: lady, beg's consort

Russian meaning: титул жены бега

Old Turkic: i/eši (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: i/eši (MK)

Comments: See EDT 256, TMN 2, 182-183. The word is borrowed in Mong.: MMong. esi (HY), WMong. esi 'empress', Kalm. iš 'mother' (KW 210), Ordos iši Gatũ 'nom d'un sanctuaire, eši qatun' (DO 389), see Clark 1980, 41.

Proto-Turkic: *elik

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: roebuck, wild goat

Russian meaning: косуля (общее назв. и самка)

Old Turkic: elik (OUygh. - YB)

Karakhanid: elik (KB)

Turkish: elik (dial.)

Middle Turkic: (MKypch.) elik (Houts., AH)

Khakassian: ilǝk

Shor: elik

Oyrat: elik

Yakut: elik 'чубарый олень'

Tuva: elik

Tofalar: elik

Kirghiz: elik

Kazakh: elik

Bashkir: ilek

Karakalpak: elik

Comments: EDT 142, VEWT 40, ЭСТЯ 1, 265-266, Лексика 153.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹĺit-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to hear

Russian meaning: слышать

Old Turkic: ešid- (Orkh.), ešit- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ešit- (MK, KB)

Turkish: išit-

Tatar: išet-; dial. (Mishar) iš- 'hear' (ТТДС 156), (Bar.) išɛn- 'listen' (ЯБТ 140)

Middle Turkic: ešit- (Abush. 63)

Uzbek: ešit-

Uighur: ešet- (Kashg., УНС 109)

Azerbaidzhan: ešit-, pass. ešidil-

Turkmen: ešit-, pass. ešidil-

Khakassian: is- / ist-

Halaj: išüt-

Chuvash: ilt-

Yakut: ihit-, pass. ihilin-

Dolgan: ihit-, pass. ihilin-

Kirghiz: ešit-

Kazakh: est-

Noghai: esit-

Bashkir: išet-

Balkar: ešt-

Gagauz: išit-

Karaim: šit-

Karakalpak: esit-

Salar: išti-

Kumyk: ešit-

Comments: VEWT 51, EDT 257-8, ЭСТЯ 1, 318-319, Егоров 69, Stachowski 123. Note -d- in Runic and the voicing of -t before a vowel in Az. and Turkm. Khak. has two forms of stem (is- and iste-, morphonologically distributed, so that is- < iste-; the same historical process could have occurred with. Küär. äš-, Kach. eš- (R 1, 905); so the only clear evidence for the stem *eĺ- are Tatar dialectal reflexes (in which case -t may be a causative suffix, see Bang 1925, Zajączkowski 1932). Shor este- 'to hear', estel- 'to be heard' do not belong here, being derived from *es > is 'mind, memory', like Mod. Uygh. aŋla- 'to hear' < aŋ 'mind'.

Proto-Turkic: *el, -ig

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hand

Russian meaning: рука

Old Turkic: elig (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: elig (MK)

Turkish: el

Middle Turkic: el, elig (Abush., MA, Бор. Бад., Sangl.)

Uzbek: ilik (arch.)

Uighur: ilik (dial.)

Sary-Yughur: ɨlɨɣ

Azerbaidzhan: äl

Turkmen: el

Shor: ilik (Верб.), ilgilik 'mitten'

Halaj: ä̇l

Chuvash: alъ

Yakut: ilī, elī

Dolgan: ilī

Tofalar: eldik 'mitten'

Gagauz: jeĺ

Salar: el

Comments: VEWT 39, EDT 140-1, ЭСТЯ 1, 260-261, Лексика 251, Егоров 24, Stachowski 125-126.

Proto-Turkic: *Eltiri

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: skin of kid or lamb

Russian meaning: шкура козленка или ягненка, каракуль

Karakhanid: elri, eldiri (MK)

Turkish: elteri (dial.)

Tatar: iltĭr

Middle Turkic: eltirik (IM)

Uighur: älterä

Turkmen: elteri, elter (dial.)

Kazakh: eltĭrĭ

Noghai: eltiri

Bashkir: iltĭr

Balkar: eltĭrĭ, eltir

Karakalpak: eltiri

Kumyk: eltir

Comments: EDT 135, ЭСТЯ 1, 269-270.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹl-t-, -č-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to bring, carry 2 to lead, drive, send

Russian meaning: 1 нести 2 вести, посылать

Old Turkic: elt- (Orkh., OUygh.) 1, 2

Karakhanid: elt-, elet- (MK) 1

Turkish: ilet- 1, 2

Tatar: ilt- 1

Middle Turkic: elt- (Houts.) 2, ilet- (Pav. C.) 1

Uzbek: elt- 1

Uighur: ilt- (dial.) 1

Sary-Yughur: elt- 1, 2

Turkmen: elt- 1, 2

Chuvash: jeś- , leś- 2

Yakut: ilt- 1, 2

Bashkir: ilt- 1

Balkar: elt- 1, 2

Karaim: elt- 1, 2

Kumyk: elt- 1, 2

Comments: EDT 132, VEWT 41, ЭСТЯ 1, 267-269, Stachowski 125, 126. Turk. > Mong. elde-, Kalm. eldǝ- (KW 119).

Proto-Turkic: *elük

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: mockery, ridicule

Russian meaning: насмешка, издевательство

Karakhanid: elük (MK)

Turkmen: ilgezik 'glib, jaunty' (?)

Khakassian: elǝk

Karaim: elik

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 264-265, EDT 142. Turk. > WMong. eleg, ileg, Khalkha eleg (KW 119).

Proto-Turkic: *em-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: now

Russian meaning: сейчас

Old Turkic: emti (OUygh.)

Turkish: imdi

Tatar: indĭ

Middle Turkic: imdi (AH, Pav. C.)

Uzbek: endi

Uighur: ämdi

Azerbaidzhan: indi

Turkmen: indi, š-ündi

Oyrat: emdi

Chuvash: ǝndǝ

Kirghiz: emi, endi

Kazakh: endĭ

Noghai: endi

Bashkir: indĭ

Balkar: endi

Karaim: endi

Karakalpak: endi

Kumyk: endi

Comments: EDT 156-157, VEWT 41, ЭСТЯ 1, 357-358, Егоров 65, Лексика 83 (with confusion of *em- and *am- q. v. sub *ămV).

Proto-Turkic: *eme

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 female 2 old woman

Russian meaning: 1 самка 2 старуха

Karakhanid: oma (MK "Tibetan") 1 (?)

Turkish: dial. eme 2

Azerbaidzhan: dial. ämä 2

Chuvash: ama 1

Kirghiz: eme 2

Comments: VEWT 42, ЭСТЯ 220, Егоров 25, EDT 156 (a "nursery" word, spread also in other Altaic languages).

Proto-Turkic: *emge-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to suffer, be tortured 2 bother, worry, pains

Russian meaning: 1 страдать, подвергаться пыткам 2 хлопоты, мучение, труд

Old Turkic: emge- (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: emge- 1, emgek 2 (MK)

Turkish: emen- 1, emek 2

Tatar: imgɛn- 1, imgɛk 2

Middle Turkic: emgen- (AH, Pav. C.) 1, emgek (AH, Abush.), emek (Pav. C.) 2

Uzbek: dial. emgɛk 2

Uighur: dial. ɛmgɛn- 1, ɛmgɛk 2

Azerbaidzhan: ämäk 2

Turkmen: emgen- 1, emgek 2

Chuvash: aman- 1, amak 'illness'

Yakut: emek 'decrepit'

Tuva: eŋbek 'chronic illness'

Kirghiz: emgek 2

Kazakh: eŋbek 2

Noghai: embek 2

Bashkir: imgɛn- 1, imgɛk 2

Karaim: emgen- 1, emgek 2

Comments: EDT 159, VEWT 42, ЭСТЯ 1, 272-275, 25-26. Turk. > Mong. emge- (Щербак 1997, 114).

Proto-Turkic: *Emgek-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to crawl

Russian meaning: ползти

Old Turkic: ömgekle- (OUygh.)

Turkish: emekle-

Middle Turkic: emgekle- (Бор. Бад., Pav. C., Abush.)

Uzbek: emäklä-

Uighur: iŋäklä- (dial.)

Azerbaidzhan: imäklä-

Turkmen: imekle-

Khakassian: ĭmekte-, nĭmekte-

Shor: emekte-

Oyrat: emekte-, emgekte-

Kirghiz: emgekte-

Kazakh: eŋbekte-

Gagauz: mekle-

Comments: EDT 160, VEWT 42, ЭСТЯ 1, 275. The noun *emgek 'crawling' is preserved in Tur. dial. imek, Chag. emgek 'crawling child' (and, despite Clauson ibid. it certainly has nothing to do with *emgek 'worry, pains', see *emge-). Cf. also forms like Turkm. eŋkej- 'bow' and Yak., Dolg. üŋk- 'to bow' (contractions?); see Stachowski 251.

Proto-Turkic: *em-ig, *em-ček

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 breast (fem.) 2 to suck 3 nipple

Russian meaning: 1 грудь (жен.) 2 сосать 3 сосок

Old Turkic: emig 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ẹm- 2 (MK), ẹmig 1 (MK)

Turkish: em- 2, emǯik 1

Tatar: im- 2, imčɛk 1

Middle Turkic: ẹm- 2 (Pav. C.), emček 1 (Abush.)

Uzbek: emčak 1

Uighur: äm- 2, ämčäk 1

Sary-Yughur: emɨɣ 1

Azerbaidzhan: ämǯäk 3

Turkmen: em- 2, emǯek 1

Khakassian: em- 2, imǯek 1

Halaj: äm- 2

Chuvash: ǝʷm- 2

Yakut: em- 2, emīj 1

Dolgan: emij 1

Tuva: em- 2, emig 1

Tofalar: em- 2, emij 'udder'

Kirghiz: emček 1

Noghai: emšek 1

Bashkir: imsäk 1

Karakalpak: emšek 1

Comments: VEWT 41-2, EDT 158-9, ЭСТЯ 1, 271-272, Егоров 63, Лексика 273-274, Stachowski 45. PT *em-ig and *em-ček (the latter form is first attested in the 13th c.) are derived from *em- 'to suck'.